K-pop generations explained

K-pop is an industry that constantly evolves, with new groups debuting and trends changing every few years. To better understand this evolution, fans often divide K-pop history into different generations. Each generation reflects changes in music style, promotion, technology, and global influence. In this blog, we explain the different K-pop generations and what makes each one unique.

First generation K-pop

The first generation of K-pop emerged in the late 1990s. This era marked the beginning of the idol system as we know it today. Groups such as H.O.T., Sechs Kies, S.E.S., and Fin.K.L set the foundation for K-pop fandom culture. During this time, promotion was focused on television, and the industry was largely domestic.

Second generation K-pop

The second generation began in the mid-2000s and played a key role in expanding K-pop beyond South Korea. Groups like TVXQ, Super Junior, BIGBANG, Girls’ Generation, SHINee, and 2NE1 became extremely popular. This generation saw the rise of online platforms, fan cafés, and early social media, helping K-pop reach international audiences.

Third generation K-pop

The third generation started around 2012 and is often associated with K-pop’s global breakthrough. Groups such as BTS, EXO, BLACKPINK, TWICE, and SEVENTEEN gained massive international recognition. YouTube, Twitter, and streaming platforms became essential tools for promotion. World tours, international chart rankings, and global fanbases became standard.

Fourth generation K-pop

The fourth generation began around 2018. This generation is known for its strong focus on performance, complex choreography, and digital content. Groups like Stray Kids, ATEEZ, TXT, ITZY, ENHYPEN, and I-DLE represent this era. International members and global marketing strategies became even more common.

Fifth generation K-pop

The fifth generation of K-pop is still developing, but it is already showing new trends. Groups such as NewJeans, ZEROBASEONE, RIIZE, and BABYMONSTER are often associated with this generation. The focus is shifting toward viral content, shorter promotional cycles, and stronger engagement through platforms like TikTok and fan apps.

How K-pop generations are defined

K-pop generations are not officially defined by a single organization. Instead, fans and industry experts group artists based on debut years, trends, and industry changes. This means that opinions may differ slightly, but the generational system helps fans understand how K-pop has evolved over time.

Why K-pop generations matter to fans

Understanding K-pop generations helps fans appreciate the history of the industry and the impact of different artists. It also helps collectors, as merchandise styles, album formats, and promotional methods often differ by generation. For many fans, identifying with a generation adds to their fandom experience.

K-pop generations and merchandise

Different K-pop generations often come with different types of merchandise. Earlier generations focused on physical albums and fan club items, while later generations include digital content, collectibles, and platform-based releases. This evolution reflects the changing relationship between artists and fans.

Conclusion: understanding K-pop through generations

K-pop generations provide a useful way to understand how the industry has grown and changed. From the early idol groups of the first generation to the digitally driven artists of today, each generation has contributed to K-pop’s global success. Knowing these generations helps fans connect more deeply with the music, artists, and culture they love.